Drupal 8/9 - dolgozz a node id-vel

Az eredeti Drupal8/9 Entity API cheat sheet cikk itt jelent meg.

For the developers out there, if you've already read the official Drupal 8 Entity API documentation and you want more examples, here's a handy cheat sheet:

Foglalkozzunk a node-okkal

A Drupal rendszerekben minden oldal egy node (csomópnt), amelynek az azonosítója egy id, NID.

Egy node betöltése NID-del

$nid = 123;     // példa értékvalue
$node_storage = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()->getStorage('node');
$node = $node_storage->load($nid);

Az aktuális oldal NID lekérése:

echo $node->id();  // 123

Get node's bundle type:

echo $node->bundle();    // 'cikk
echo $node->getType();    // 'cikk'- ugyanaz a függvény a legtöbb entity esetén, de nem mindig működik

Get a built-in field value:

echo $node->get('title')->value;           // "Lorem Ipsum..."
echo $node->get('created')->value;         // 1610948801
echo $node->get('body')->value;            // "A teljes node szöveg body része"
echo $node->get('body')->summary;          // "Az összegzés"
// a custom text field
echo $node->get('field_foo')->value;       // "Egy saját mező tartalma"
// a file field
echo $node->get('field_image')->target_id; // 433 (a managed file FID)

rövidítés, illetve mágikus getter-ekor:

echo $node->title->value;            // "Lorem Ipsum..."
echo $node->created->value;          // 1610948801
echo $node->body->value;             // "A teljes node szöveg body része"
echo $node->body->summary;           // "Az összegzés"
echo $node->field_foo->value;        // "Egy saját mező tartalma"
echo $node->field_image->target_id;  // 433

For more about that file entity target ID, see the "Working with File Entities" section below

Get nodes from a query:

$query = \Drupal::entityQuery('node')
  ->condition('type', 'article'),
  ->condition('field_foo', 42);
$nids = $query->execute();
$nodes = $node_storage->loadMultiple($nids);
 
foreach ($nodes as $n) {
  echo $n->title->value;            // "Lorem Ipsum..."
 
  // do whatever you would do with a node object (set fields, save, etc.)
  $n->set('title', "this is a test");
  $n->save();
}

Set fields

$node->set('title', "Moby Dick");
$node->set('body', array(
'summary' => "Book about a whale",
'value' => "Call me Ishmael...",
'format' => 'basic_html',
));
$node->save();

Delete node(s)

// one
$nid = 42;      // example value
$node = $node_storage->load($nid);
$node->delete();
 
// multiple
$nids = [21,12,45,67];  // example value
$nodes = $node_storage->loadMultiple($nids);
$node_storage->delete($nodes);
 
// multiple, loading one at a time to avoid "out of memory" errors - may be slow
$nids = [21,12,45,67];  // example value
foreach($nids as $nid)
{
  $node = $node_storage->load($nid);
  $node->delete();
}

Working with Paragraphs

"Paragraphs" (from the popular contrib module of the same name) are separate entities that are related to the parent nodes via an entity reference revision.

$my_paragraph = null;
 
foreach ($node->get('field_paragraph_reference') as $para) {
  if ($para->entity->getType() == 'your_paragraph_type') {   // e.g., "main_content" or "social_media"
    $my_paragraph = $para->entity;
  }
}
 
if (!empty($my_paragraph)) {
  // $my_paragraph is a regular entity and can be interacted with like any other entity
  echo $my_paragraph->field_somefield->value;
 
  // (however, they don't have a "title" like a node)
  echo $my_paragraph->title->value;  // <-- this won't work
} else {
  echo "The node doesn't have this paragraph type.";
}

Get paragraph entity type:

echo $my_paragraph->getType(); // "main_content"

File entities

Managed files are also separate entities, which are associated with the node using a type of Entity Reference.

Get a file by ID:

$fid = 42;      // example value
$file_storage = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()->getStorage('file');
$file = $file_storage->load($fid);

Get a file referenced in a node:

$file = $node->field_image->entity;

Reading some properties from a File entity:

echo $file->getFileUri();   // "public://file123.jpg"
// if you want the URL without Drupal's custom scheme, you can translate it to a plain URL:
echo file_url_transform_relative(file_create_url($file->getFileUri()));   // "/sites/default/files/public/file123.jpg"
echo $file->filename->value;   // "file123.jpg"
echo $file->filemime->value;   // "image/jpeg"
echo $file->filesize->value;   // 63518  (size in bytes)
echo $file->created->value;    // 1511206249  (Unix timestamp)
echo $file->changed->value;    // 1511234256  (Unix timestamp)
echo $file->id();              // 432

To see what other properties are available, look at the columns in the `file_managed` table.

The file's user data

echo $file->uid->target_id;               // 1
echo $file->uid->value;                   // <-- doesn't work. Use target_id instead.
echo $file->uid->entity->name->value;     // "alice"
echo $file->uid->entity->timezone->value; // "America/Los_Angeles"

Entity References

Reading from entity reference fields that allow multiple values:

foreach ($node->field_my_entity_reference as $reference) {
 
  // if you chose "Entity ID" as the display mode for the entity reference field,
  // the target_id is the ONLY value you will have access to
  echo $reference->target_id;    // 1 (a node's nid)
 
  // if you chose "Rendered Entity" as the display mode, you'll be able to 
  // access the rest of the node's data.
  echo $reference->entity->title->value;    // "Moby Dick"
 
}

Populate the value of an entity reference field which allows multiple values (this replaces any existing value in the DB)

$nids = [3,4,5,6];   // example value
$node->set('field_my_entity_reference', $nids);
$node->save();

Append new referenced items to an entity reference field (this preserves existing values)

$nids = [3,4,5,6];   // example value
foreach ($nids as $nid) {
  $node->field_my_entity_reference[] = [
    'target_id' => $nid
  ];
}
$node->save();

I hope this saves everyone some time. It certainly is helpful to me every time I write a custom Drupal 8 module.